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Question: Discuss About The Exploring And Extending Legacy Of Howard? Answer: Introduction In this assignment, it can be stated that the case-based researches are generally tending to the process of addressing the problems of research within the Interpretivists paradigms rather than the Positivist paradigm. A case-based research could be an explanatory, theory-building research that does the incorporation as well as explanation of ideas from outside the scenario of the case-based research. Critical review on case-based research Case-based researches are considered being the most essential as well as significant type of research. Case-based research can be explanatory, theory-building research that does the incorporation as well as explaining of ideas from outside the scenario relating to the cases. Therefore, this kind of case-based researches are considered being extrinsic rather than intrinsic (Sarker, 2013). Moreover, it can be stated that case-based research is particularly used in respect of these practical situations of business in which there occurs the use of multiple sources of evidence, as well as the boundaries within the phenomenon as well as the 4Ps of its context. The exploratory case-based research and the confirmatory case-based research might have the requirement for deciding for one or the other regarding the choice of all or nothing (Kolodner, 2014). However, this is not considered to be true and there is the requirement for a combination of exploratory case-based research and the confirm atory case-based research. A case-based research is required meeting three criteria such as, the case is a critical one to confirm, challenge or extend a theory since, it is the only one that is meeting every condition relating to the theory the case is rare and to find other cases is so improbable that research regarding the scenario could never be done when a case is not investigated the case is providing unusual accessibility in respect of academic research, and unless there does not occur an investigation of the case, the scope for examining a major problem related with social science might get lost The advantages of case-based research are associated with the aspects of intensive study, developing new research as well as providing new insight. In respect of intensive study, it can be stated that the case-based researches are having the responsibility in respect of intensive study regarding a unit. It is associated with the aspect of investigating as well as exploring an event in a thorough as well as deep manner (Klenke, 2016). In respect of developing a new research, it can be stated that case-based researches are considered being one o the optimum ways for stimulating a new research. In respect of providing new insight, it can also be stated that the case-based researches are having the ability for providing new insight into observable facts whose learning cannot occur in any other way. However, there are also certain disadvantages associated with the case-based researches (Keutel, 2014). These are associated with the inability for replicating, biasness of the researchers, ti me intensive, having the possibility of errors as well as ethical concerns. In respect of the inability for replicating, it can be stated that there are certain studies whose replication cannot be done and, as a result, cannot be agreed with. In respect of the biasness of the researchers, it can be stated that when a case-based research gets conducted, there is a strong possibility of the researcher to do the formation of a biased attitude (Henry, 2015). This biased attitude might be in respect of the subject, the type of data collection or the way by which there occurs the interpretation of the data (Savery, 2015). In respect of intensiveness of time, it can be stated that the case-based researches can have high consumption of time. The process of collecting data can be very exhaustive as well as long, and this is something with which the new researchers are not having familiarity. It takes a long time-period for developing a case-based research as well as doing the development of a comprehensive evaluation (Granlund, 2017). In respect of having the possibility of errors, it can be stated that the case-based researches might be having flaws regarding judgment or memory. Since, the reconstruction of a case history is depending upon memory, this might be leading to mistakes (Stake, 2013). In respect of ethical issues, it can be stated that with case-based researches, there always occurs the question related with the ethical aspects. Since, the researchers get too much involved with the study, questions might arise whether a researcher will be reporting behaviours that are considered unethical when they observed it (Baran, 2014). Conclusion To conclude, it can be stated that case-based researches are particularly suitable in respect of those practical business circumstances regarding a contemporary phenomenon within its dynamically changing practical situations, regarding multiple sources of evidence as well as the boundaries between the occurrences as well as the 4Ps of its context are not considered having clarity. References Baran, E. (2014). A review of research on mobile learning in teacher education.Journal of Educational Technology Society,17(4), 17. Granlund, M., Lukka, K. (2017). Investigating highly established research paradigms: Reviving contextuality in contingency theory based management accounting research.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,45, 63-80. Henry, C., Foss, L. (2015). Case sensitive? A review of the literature on the use of case method in entrepreneurship research.International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior Research,21(3), 389-409. Keutel, M., Michalik, B., Richter, J. (2014). Towards mindful case study research in IS: a critical analysis of the past ten years.European Journal of Information Systems,23(3), 256-272. Klenke, K. (Ed.). (2016).Qualitative research in the study of leadership. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Kolodner, J. (2014).Case-based reasoning. Morgan Kaufmann. Sarker, S., Xiao, X., Beaulieu, T. (2013). Qualitative studies in information systems: a critical review and some guiding principles.MIS quarterly,37(4), iii-xviii. Savery, J. R. (2015). Overview of problem-based learning: Definitions and distinctions.Essential readings in problem-based learning: Exploring and extending the legacy of Howard S. Barrows,9, 5-15. Stake, R. E. (2013).Multiple case study analysis. Guilford Press.
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